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If you’d asked me two weeks ago—before OpenAI’s announcement—about the most novel contributions of LLMs to mathematics, I probably would have pointed to the AlphaEvolve system from Google DeepMind. AlphaEvolve harnesses LLMs to be the engine of an optimization process. If you can turn a math problem into a piece of code to optimize, which you often can, the LLM might find better solutions than humans have for certain types of problems. In November, four mathematicians (including Terence Tao) released a paper that analyzed AlphaEvolve’s performance on 67 optimization problems across the mathema